Digital Policing in Jamaica: The Role of Social Media and Artificial Intelligence in Crime Fighting and Public Safety Governance

Abstract

This study examines how social media platforms and artificial intelligence (AI) tools are transforming crime-fighting practices in Jamaica. Using a mixed-methods design — content analysis of 1,200 posts from the Jamaica Constabulary Force (JCF) and major public forums (2019–2024), a cross-sectional survey of 300 Jamaican adults, and eight semi-structured interviews with police communicators and technology providers — the research evaluates utility, public perceptions, operational benefits, and ethical concerns. Key findings indicate that social media is a significant vector for crime reporting, public alerting, and community-oriented policing, while nascent AI tools (including an AI assistant piloted in 2025) are being adopted for information triage, translation, and routine citizen interactions. Survey respondents (n = 300) rated social media’s effectiveness for reporting and situational awareness higher (mean = 4.02 on a 5-point scale) than for evidence-gathering (mean = 3.36). Content analysis revealed that 38% of JCF posts were informational/alerts, 27% focused on community engagement, and 12% involved investigative appeals. Interview data highlighted both strengths (speed, reach, and administrative efficiency) and risks (misinformation, privacy concerns, algorithmic bias, and the need for legislative frameworks). The paper concludes with policy and practice recommendations for strengthening governance, capacity building, digital literacy and transparent AI governance to ensure that technological tools augment policing while safeguarding rights.